The prospect of extruded feed

Extruded feed is a kind of bulky and porous feed formed by extruding the feed. Puffing is a processing technology that decompresses the material after high temperature and high pressure treatment, and uses the instantaneous evaporation of water or the expansion characteristics of the material itself to change some physical and chemical properties of the material. It is divided into airflow puffing and extrusion puffing. After the feed is extruded, the starch is gelatinized, and the long-chain structure of protein, fat and other organic substances is changed to a short-chain structure. , and antitrypsin and other harmful and growth inhibitory factors in soybean meal, which are easier to digest. At the same time, it overcomes the disadvantages of traditional powdered compound feed and pellet feed, such as poor water stability, fast settling speed, and easy to cause feed loss and waste. The puffing effect is affected by factors such as the ratio of raw materials, starch content, moisture content, and puffing temperature. Combined with the puffing characteristics, it should be ensured that the starch raw materials in the raw material formula are more than 20%, and the additives should be selected to withstand high temperature, or increase the dosage.

01 Increase in production and efficiency

The extruded aquatic feed can float on the water surface for a long time, which is convenient for feeding and management, and is conducive to saving labor; the extruded feed generally produces less than 1% of the powder, and the floating time of high-quality floating fish feed is generally up to 2 hours. Under normal circumstances, compared with powdered feed or other pellet feeds, the feed can be saved by 5-10%, and the feeding is easy to observe and control, reducing the pollution of powder and residual bait to water bodies.

02 Scope of application of extruded feed

In terms of farming methods, floating fish feed can be used for fish farming in ponds, fish farming in paddy fields, running water fish farming, cage farming, industrial fish farming, and intensive farming in large waters, which has a wide range of applicability. In terms of cultured species, except for a few bottom-dwelling fish that are extremely difficult to domesticate and feed on the water surface, they can eat floating fish feeds well, such as bass, snakehead, trout, frog, turtle, turtle, channel catfish, etc. Premium varieties and conventionally farmed grass carp, carp, crucian carp and other varieties. For species such as frogs and sea bass with special physiological functions, it is more convenient to use floating feed for breeding, and it can show its advantages. Farmers with insufficient breeding experience and extensive management should choose floating feed. Some carnivorous fish that like dark and light, need to be tamed or fed at night when using floating extruded feed. It is best not to use floating extruded feed for the few benthic fish that are extremely difficult to acclimate to the water surface for feeding, but to choose sinking or slow sinking extruded feed.

03 Advantages of extruded feed

fat degeneration

The extrusion process destroys the cell wall structure of the oilseed and releases the oil in it. This processing method can improve the utilization of oil. Expansion can also form a complex product (lipoprotein) or (lipopolysaccharide) with fat and starch or protein, which reduces the content of free fatty acids, at the same time inactivates esterase, inhibits the degradation of oil, and reduces the storage and transportation of products. The rancidity of oil components is beneficial to the long-term preservation of feed.

Increase palatability and digestibility

The puffed feed has small particle size, crispness, and emits a coke fragrance, which improves the palatability. The extruded feed becomes a loose and disordered structure. This change provides a larger contact area for enzymes, which is conducive to the contact of starch chains, peptide chains and digestive enzymes, and is conducive to the digestion and absorption of feed, thereby improving the digestion of feed. Rate.

Increase fiber solubility

Extrusion can greatly reduce the crude fiber content in the feed. Through the extrusion puffing technology, due to the instantaneous expansion of high temperature and high pressure until the outlet during extrusion, the intercellular substance and the layers of lignin in the cell wall are melted, some hydrogen bonds are broken, and the macromolecular substances are decomposed into low molecular substances. The original compact structure It becomes fluffy, and it also releases some digestible substances, thereby improving the utilization rate of the feed.

Conducive to feed storage and prolong feed shelf life

Under the action of high temperature, high pressure and puffing, the content of mold, bacteria and fungi in the raw material is killed, thereby improving the hygienic quality of the feed and effectively reducing the occurrence of animal diarrhea, gastroenteritis, diarrhea and other diseases.